Skip to content

USDA Hardiness Zone 4b

Frost Dates for 49849 — Ishpeming, Michigan

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Ishpeming Wwtp, MI (1,406 ft), 3 miles northeast.

Updated

In Ishpeming, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 26 in half of years and has passed by June 8 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around September 25, as early as September 4 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 119 days (NOAA, Ishpeming Wwtp, MI).

Last spring frost
May 26

50% probability

First fall frost
September 25

50% probability

Growing season
119 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4b

-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night

First snow
October 25

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
May 2

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

15 of 15 observed

Snow per year
117.8"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Ishpeming

Half of springs at Ishpeming Wwtp, MI see their last 32°F night by May 26; only one in ten is past it by May 10, and one in ten still has one after June 8. Planting tender crops after May 31 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after June 3 20%, and after June 8 10%. The 13 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 95% of the 172 Michigan stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by September 25 in half of years, as early as September 4 one year in ten, and holds off past October 9 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 12 days later, around October 7; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 27, 12 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 119 days in a typical year, shorter than at 94% of the 172 Michigan stations; it reaches 141 days one year in ten and falls short of 95 one year in ten. On average 191 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 10 days longer, to about June 5, and return around September 9. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 13 and April 12.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 24May 28May 31Jun 3Jun 5Jun 9Jun 12Jun 18Jun 27
32°FMay 10May 15May 20May 22May 26May 28May 31Jun 3Jun 8
28°FApr 29May 2May 5May 9May 12May 15May 19May 22May 27
24°FApr 19Apr 23Apr 27Apr 29May 1May 3May 6May 10May 16
20°FApr 8Apr 12Apr 16Apr 19Apr 22Apr 25Apr 28Apr 30May 3
16°FMar 31Apr 4Apr 7Apr 9Apr 12Apr 15Apr 18Apr 22Apr 26
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FAug 23Aug 30Sep 2Sep 5Sep 9Sep 12Sep 17Sep 21Sep 28
32°FSep 4Sep 12Sep 17Sep 21Sep 25Sep 28Oct 1Oct 5Oct 9
28°FSep 20Sep 26Oct 1Oct 4Oct 7Oct 9Oct 13Oct 17Oct 23
24°FOct 2Oct 9Oct 13Oct 17Oct 21Oct 25Oct 28Oct 31Nov 4
20°FOct 19Oct 26Oct 30Nov 1Nov 2Nov 4Nov 8Nov 12Nov 16
16°FNov 1Nov 3Nov 7Nov 10Nov 13Nov 15Nov 18Nov 21Nov 26

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Ishpeming Wwtp, MI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 49849 →Compare Ishpeming with another place →

Weather by month in Ishpeming

July is the warmest month at Ishpeming Wwtp, MI, averaging 78°F by day and 53°F at night; January is the coldest at 22°F and 6°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to May (a 90% chance or more). From July to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, June still brings one in 29% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 1,612 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 95% of the 172 Michigan stations. 29% of them (465) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 474. Precipitation totals 30.3 inches a year, most in July (3.9") and least in March (1.2"); May to September bring 53% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Ishpeming Wwtp, MI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2261.6100%310
Feb2561.3100%280
Mar36121.2100%294
Apr47252.4100%2411
May62383.099%8124
Jun72493.129%1326
Jul78533.90%0474
Aug76512.44%0417
Sep68443.665%2214
Oct53333.6100%1440
Nov38232.2100%251
Dec27122.0100%300

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Ishpeming Wwtp, MI (1,406 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Marquette, MI, 10 miles northeast of Ishpeming, has a last frost 4 days earlier (May 22), a first frost 4 days later (September 29), a season 10 days longer.

Frost dates for 49866 (Negaunee) →

When it snows in Ishpeming, Michigan

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Ishpeming usually arrives around October 25, and the last of the season around May 2. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Clarksburg, MI, 6.3 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 24 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 49849

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Ishpeming, Michigan
WhenWhat to do
March 17 – March 31Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 31 – April 14Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 28 – May 12Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 26 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 3Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 11Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
September 25 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 49849 is 3 miles from Ishpeming Wwtp, MI, which stands at 1,406 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 49849 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Michigan →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 4b places in Michigan