USDA Hardiness Zone 5a
Frost Dates for 50022 — Atlantic, Iowa
NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Atlantic 1 NE, IA (1,152 ft), under a mile northeast.
Updated
In Atlantic, the last spring frost (32°F) is around April 30 in half of years and has passed by May 15 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 2, as early as September 17 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 153 days (NOAA, Atlantic 1 NE, IA).
- Last spring frost
- April 30
- First fall frost
- October 2
- Growing season
- 153 days
- Hardiness zone
- 5a
50% probability
50% probability
freeze-free, 50%
-20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) coldest night
- First snow
- November 18
- Last snow
- March 22
- Winters with snow
- 100%
- Snow per year
- 27.3"
median, 1991–2020
median, 1991–2020
26 of 26 observed
NOAA normal
Frost risk by date in Atlantic
Half of springs at Atlantic 1 NE, IA see their last 32°F night by April 30; only one in ten is past it by April 17, and one in ten still has one after May 15. Planting tender crops after May 6 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 9 20%, and after May 15 10%. The 15 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is wider than at 82% of the 132 Iowa stations behind this site's ZIP pages.
In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 2 in half of years, as early as September 17 one year in ten, and holds off past October 16 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 10 days later, around October 12; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 5, 10 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 153 days in a typical year, shorter than at 89% of the 132 Iowa stations; it reaches 174 days one year in ten and falls short of 134 one year in ten. On average 152 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 9 days longer, to about May 9, and return around September 25. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 8 and March 26.
| Low | 90% | 80% | 70% | 60% | 50% | 40% | 30% | 20% | 10% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 27 | Apr 30 | May 4 | May 7 | May 9 | May 12 | May 15 | May 19 | May 23 |
| 32°F | Apr 17 | Apr 22 | Apr 25 | Apr 28 | Apr 30 | May 3 | May 6 | May 9 | May 15 |
| 28°F | Apr 8 | Apr 13 | Apr 16 | Apr 18 | Apr 22 | Apr 24 | Apr 27 | Apr 30 | May 5 |
| 24°F | Mar 31 | Apr 3 | Apr 7 | Apr 10 | Apr 13 | Apr 15 | Apr 18 | Apr 22 | Apr 28 |
| 20°F | Mar 19 | Mar 26 | Mar 30 | Apr 2 | Apr 4 | Apr 6 | Apr 9 | Apr 13 | Apr 19 |
| 16°F | Mar 7 | Mar 13 | Mar 18 | Mar 22 | Mar 26 | Mar 29 | Apr 1 | Apr 4 | Apr 9 |
| Low | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 11 | Sep 15 | Sep 19 | Sep 21 | Sep 25 | Sep 28 | Oct 1 | Oct 3 | Oct 7 |
| 32°F | Sep 17 | Sep 23 | Sep 26 | Sep 29 | Oct 2 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 11 | Oct 16 |
| 28°F | Sep 27 | Oct 1 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 12 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 27 |
| 24°F | Oct 8 | Oct 14 | Oct 17 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 25 | Oct 28 | Oct 31 | Nov 4 |
| 20°F | Oct 17 | Oct 23 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 9 | Nov 14 |
| 16°F | Oct 25 | Oct 31 | Nov 3 | Nov 5 | Nov 8 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 26 |
Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Atlantic 1 NE, IA, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.
Frost risk on any date in 50022 →Compare Atlantic with another place →
Weather by month in Atlantic
July is the warmest month at Atlantic 1 NE, IA, averaging 86°F by day and 64°F at night; January is the coldest at 31°F and 10°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 49% of years.
Warmth for growing adds up to 3,215 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), more than at 75% of the 132 Iowa stations. 35% of them (1,136) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 769. Precipitation totals 37.1 inches a year, most in June (5.7") and least in January (0.9"); May to September bring 63% of it.
| Month | High °F | Low °F | Precip. in | 32°F night | Nights ≤ 32°F | GDD 50°F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 31 | 10 | 0.9 | 100% | 30 | 0 |
| Feb | 36 | 14 | 1.1 | 100% | 26 | 1 |
| Mar | 50 | 25 | 1.9 | 100% | 23 | 27 |
| Apr | 63 | 36 | 3.8 | 100% | 10 | 109 |
| May | 73 | 49 | 5.4 | 49% | 1 | 360 |
| Jun | 83 | 60 | 5.7 | 0% | 0 | 639 |
| Jul | 86 | 64 | 4.4 | 0% | 0 | 769 |
| Aug | 84 | 61 | 4.4 | 0% | 0 | 697 |
| Sep | 78 | 51 | 3.4 | 45% | 1 | 441 |
| Oct | 65 | 38 | 2.9 | 99% | 9 | 153 |
| Nov | 49 | 25 | 1.7 | 100% | 22 | 19 |
| Dec | 36 | 15 | 1.5 | 100% | 29 | 1 |
Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Atlantic 1 NE, IA (1,152 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.
Compared with the next station
The nearest other station, Audubon, IA, 21 miles north of Atlantic, has a last frost 2 days later (May 2), a first frost 1 day later (October 3), a season 1 day longer.
When it snows in Atlantic, Iowa
The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Atlantic usually arrives around November 18, and the last of the season around March 22. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Atlantic 1 NE, IA, 0.5 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 39 days after the last snow.
Planting calendar for 50022
| When | What to do |
|---|---|
| February 19 – March 5 | Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out. |
| March 5 – March 19 | Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early. |
| April 2 – April 16 | Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil. |
| April 30 onward | Transplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast. |
| by July 10 | Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops. |
| by September 18 | Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation. |
| October 2 onward | Plant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter. |
The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.
Where these figures come from
ZIP 50022 is under a mile from Atlantic 1 NE, IA, which stands at 1,152 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 50022 in zone 5a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.
Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.
Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.