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USDA Hardiness Zone 5a

Frost Dates for 52772 — Tipton, Iowa

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Tipton, IA (820 ft), 2 miles north.

Updated

In Tipton, the last spring frost (32°F) is around April 21 in half of years and has passed by May 4 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 15, as early as October 1 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 175 days (NOAA, Tipton, IA).

Last spring frost
April 21

50% probability

First fall frost
October 15

50% probability

Growing season
175 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
5a

-20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) coldest night

First snow
December 1

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
March 19

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

20 of 20 observed

Snow per year
—

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Tipton

Half of springs at Tipton, IA see their last 32°F night by April 21; only one in ten is past it by April 8, and one in ten still has one after May 4. Planting tender crops after April 28 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 1 20%, and after May 4 10%. The 13 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 42% of the 132 Iowa stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 15 in half of years, as early as October 1 one year in ten, and holds off past October 28 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 10 days later, around October 25; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is April 27, 7 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 175 days in a typical year, longer than at 81% of the 132 Iowa stations; it reaches 194 days one year in ten and falls short of 157 one year in ten. On average 150 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 10 days longer, to about May 1, and return around October 6. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 23 and March 13.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FApr 18Apr 23Apr 26Apr 29May 1May 3May 6May 9May 13
32°FApr 8Apr 13Apr 16Apr 18Apr 21Apr 24Apr 28May 1May 4
28°FMar 29Apr 3Apr 6Apr 9Apr 12Apr 15Apr 17Apr 22Apr 27
24°FMar 15Mar 22Mar 27Mar 31Apr 2Apr 5Apr 8Apr 12Apr 18
20°FMar 6Mar 11Mar 15Mar 18Mar 22Mar 25Mar 29Apr 1Apr 6
16°FFeb 28Mar 3Mar 7Mar 9Mar 13Mar 15Mar 19Mar 23Mar 29
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 21Sep 27Oct 1Oct 3Oct 6Oct 8Oct 11Oct 14Oct 19
32°FOct 1Oct 6Oct 11Oct 13Oct 15Oct 18Oct 21Oct 23Oct 28
28°FOct 13Oct 18Oct 21Oct 23Oct 25Oct 28Oct 30Nov 2Nov 7
24°FOct 24Oct 28Oct 31Nov 1Nov 4Nov 7Nov 10Nov 14Nov 19
20°FNov 1Nov 5Nov 8Nov 11Nov 14Nov 17Nov 21Nov 25Dec 1
16°FNov 7Nov 12Nov 16Nov 20Nov 23Nov 27Dec 1Dec 4Dec 10

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Tipton, IA, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 52772 →Compare Tipton with another place →

Weather by month in Tipton

July is the warmest month at Tipton, IA, averaging 84°F by day and 64°F at night; January is the coldest at 29°F and 12°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to September the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 21% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 3,168 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), more than at 70% of the 132 Iowa stations. 36% of them (1,127) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 738. Precipitation totals 36.5 inches a year, most in May (4.7") and least in January (1.4"); May to September bring 57% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Tipton, IA
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan29121.4100%300
Feb33161.5100%261
Mar47282.1100%2421
Apr61383.898%8108
May72514.721%1360
Jun82614.70%0637
Jul84644.10%0738
Aug82613.80%0670
Sep77533.59%1449
Oct64413.194%8159
Nov48292.2100%2223
Dec34191.6100%302

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Tipton, IA (820 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Muscatine 2N, IA, 20 miles south of Tipton, has a last frost 3 days earlier (April 18), a first frost 7 days later (October 22), a season 9 days longer.

Frost dates for 52778 (Wilton) →

When it snows in Tipton, Iowa

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Tipton usually arrives around December 1, and the last of the season around March 19. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Tipton, IA, 2 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 33 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 52772

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Tipton, Iowa
WhenWhat to do
February 10 – February 24Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
February 24 – March 10Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
March 24 – April 7Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
April 21 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 23Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by October 1Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 15 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 52772 is 2 miles from Tipton, IA, which stands at 820 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 52772 in zone 5a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Iowa →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 5a places in Iowa