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USDA Hardiness Zone 4b

Frost Dates for 54022 — River Falls, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from River Falls, WI (940 ft), under a mile east.

Updated

In River Falls, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 11 in half of years and has passed by May 26 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 1, as early as September 19 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 143 days (NOAA, River Falls, WI).

Last spring frost
May 11

50% probability

First fall frost
October 1

50% probability

Growing season
143 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4b

-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night

First snow
November 13

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 5

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

30 of 30 observed

Snow per year
—

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in River Falls

Half of springs at River Falls, WI see their last 32°F night by May 11; only one in ten is past it by April 26, and one in ten still has one after May 26. Planting tender crops after May 17 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 21 20%, and after May 26 10%. The 15 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 30% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 1 in half of years, as early as September 19 one year in ten, and holds off past October 15 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 10 days later, around October 11; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 16, 10 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 143 days in a typical year, shorter than at 80% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 162 days one year in ten and falls short of 122 one year in ten. On average 170 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 12 days longer, to about May 23, and return around September 24. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 11 and April 2.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 6May 11May 16May 19May 23May 26May 30Jun 1Jun 6
32°FApr 26May 1May 4May 8May 11May 14May 17May 21May 26
28°FApr 16Apr 21Apr 25Apr 29May 1May 3May 7May 12May 16
24°FApr 5Apr 10Apr 14Apr 17Apr 19Apr 23Apr 27May 1May 5
20°FMar 28Apr 1Apr 4Apr 7Apr 10Apr 12Apr 15Apr 19Apr 25
16°FMar 16Mar 22Mar 27Mar 31Apr 2Apr 4Apr 7Apr 11Apr 16
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 8Sep 14Sep 18Sep 21Sep 24Sep 26Sep 30Oct 2Oct 6
32°FSep 19Sep 23Sep 26Sep 29Oct 1Oct 4Oct 7Oct 10Oct 15
28°FSep 27Oct 2Oct 6Oct 9Oct 11Oct 14Oct 18Oct 21Oct 26
24°FOct 8Oct 13Oct 18Oct 21Oct 24Oct 26Oct 29Nov 1Nov 5
20°FOct 20Oct 25Oct 29Oct 31Nov 2Nov 4Nov 7Nov 11Nov 16
16°FOct 30Nov 1Nov 5Nov 8Nov 11Nov 14Nov 17Nov 21Nov 27

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at River Falls, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 54022 →Compare River Falls with another place →

Weather by month in River Falls

July is the warmest month at River Falls, WI, averaging 82°F by day and 58°F at night; January is the coldest at 22°F and 4°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 81% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,305 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 64% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 32% of them (733) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 617. Precipitation totals 34.3 inches a year, most in June (5.0") and least in January (0.9"); May to September bring 64% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at River Falls, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2240.9100%310
Feb2780.9100%270
Mar40201.7100%269
Apr55323.1100%1646
May68434.381%3214
Jun77545.03%0464
Jul82584.40%0617
Aug79564.70%0549
Sep71493.645%1322
Oct57363.099%1279
Nov41241.6100%247
Dec27121.1100%300

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at River Falls, WI (940 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Ellsworth 1E, WI, 12 miles southeast of River Falls, has a last frost 2 days later (May 13), a first frost 2 days earlier (September 29), a season 4 days shorter.

Frost dates for 54011 (Ellsworth) →

When it snows in River Falls, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in River Falls usually arrives around November 13, and the last of the season around April 5. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at River Falls, WI, 0.2 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 36 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 54022

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for River Falls, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
March 2 – March 16Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 16 – March 30Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 13 – April 27Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 11 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 9Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 17Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 1 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 54022 is under a mile from River Falls, WI, which stands at 940 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54022 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 4b places in Wisconsin