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USDA Hardiness Zone 4b

Frost Dates for 54456 — Neillsville, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Neillsville 3ESE, WI (1,080 ft), 4 miles east.

Updated

In Neillsville, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 10 in half of years and has passed by May 25 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 1, as early as September 18 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 144 days (NOAA, Neillsville 3ESE, WI).

Last spring frost
May 10

50% probability

First fall frost
October 1

50% probability

Growing season
144 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4b

-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night

First snow
November 15

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 11

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

30 of 30 observed

Snow per year
43.6"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Neillsville

Half of springs at Neillsville 3ESE, WI see their last 32°F night by May 10; only one in ten is past it by April 26, and one in ten still has one after May 25. Planting tender crops after May 16 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 19 20%, and after May 25 10%. The 15 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 30% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 1 in half of years, as early as September 18 one year in ten, and holds off past October 14 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 9 days later, around October 10; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 14, 11 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 144 days in a typical year, shorter than at 76% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 161 days one year in ten and falls short of 123 one year in ten. On average 177 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 10 days longer, to about May 20, and return around September 23. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 14 and March 31.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 6May 11May 14May 17May 20May 24May 27May 31Jun 4
32°FApr 26Apr 30May 4May 7May 10May 13May 16May 19May 25
28°FApr 14Apr 20Apr 23Apr 27Apr 30May 2May 4May 8May 14
24°FApr 3Apr 7Apr 11Apr 14Apr 18Apr 21Apr 25Apr 30May 3
20°FMar 23Mar 30Apr 1Apr 4Apr 6Apr 9Apr 12Apr 17Apr 22
16°FMar 14Mar 19Mar 23Mar 28Mar 31Apr 2Apr 5Apr 8Apr 14
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 9Sep 14Sep 17Sep 20Sep 23Sep 25Sep 28Oct 1Oct 4
32°FSep 18Sep 23Sep 26Sep 28Oct 1Oct 3Oct 5Oct 9Oct 14
28°FSep 26Sep 30Oct 3Oct 6Oct 10Oct 14Oct 17Oct 22Oct 26
24°FOct 5Oct 11Oct 17Oct 21Oct 24Oct 27Oct 30Nov 2Nov 9
20°FOct 20Oct 27Oct 30Nov 1Nov 3Nov 7Nov 11Nov 16Nov 21
16°FOct 30Nov 2Nov 6Nov 10Nov 14Nov 17Nov 20Nov 24Nov 28

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Neillsville 3ESE, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 54456 →Compare Neillsville with another place →

Weather by month in Neillsville

July is the warmest month at Neillsville 3ESE, WI, averaging 80°F by day and 58°F at night; January is the coldest at 24°F and 5°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 80% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,213 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 74% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 33% of them (731) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 589. Precipitation totals 35.6 inches a year, most in June (5.3") and least in January (1.1"); May to September bring 62% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Neillsville 3ESE, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2451.1100%310
Feb2981.1100%280
Mar41201.7100%279
Apr55323.3100%1845
May68444.580%4217
Jun77545.33%<1459
Jul80583.90%0589
Aug78564.40%0524
Sep71474.049%2288
Oct58363.1100%1374
Nov42241.8100%257
Dec29131.4100%300

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Neillsville 3ESE, WI (1,080 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Marshfield Municipal Airport, WI, 22 miles east of Neillsville and 175 feet higher, has a last frost 5 days earlier (May 5), a first frost 4 days later (October 5), a season 8 days longer.

Frost dates for 54449 (Marshfield) →

When it snows in Neillsville, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Neillsville usually arrives around November 15, and the last of the season around April 11. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Neillsville 3ESE, WI, 4.1 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 29 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 54456

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Neillsville, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
March 1 – March 15Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 15 – March 29Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 12 – April 26Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 10 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 9Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 17Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 1 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 54456 is 4 miles from Neillsville 3ESE, WI, which stands at 1,080 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 1 other ZIP code shares the station. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54456 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 4b places in Wisconsin