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USDA Hardiness Zone 4b

Frost Dates for 54646 — Necedah, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Necedah, WI (922 ft), 2 miles south.

Updated

In Necedah, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 17 in half of years and has passed by June 1 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around September 25, as early as September 12 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 131 days (NOAA, Necedah, WI).

Last spring frost
May 17

50% probability

First fall frost
September 25

50% probability

Growing season
131 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4b

-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night

First snow
November 28

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 5

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
95%

20 of 21 observed

Snow per year
34.1"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Necedah

Half of springs at Necedah, WI see their last 32°F night by May 17; only one in ten is past it by May 2, and one in ten still has one after June 1. Planting tender crops after May 23 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 27 20%, and after June 1 10%. The 15 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 30% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by September 25 in half of years, as early as September 12 one year in ten, and holds off past October 8 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 8 days later, around October 3; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 21, 11 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 131 days in a typical year, shorter than at 93% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 152 days one year in ten and falls short of 109 one year in ten. On average 164 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 12 days longer, to about May 29, and return around September 16. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 5 and April 5.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 12May 20May 23May 26May 29Jun 1Jun 4Jun 8Jun 18
32°FMay 2May 6May 9May 14May 17May 20May 23May 27Jun 1
28°FApr 22Apr 27Apr 30May 2May 5May 8May 12May 16May 21
24°FApr 9Apr 15Apr 19Apr 22Apr 25Apr 29May 1May 4May 10
20°FMar 31Apr 4Apr 7Apr 10Apr 14Apr 17Apr 21Apr 25Apr 30
16°FMar 20Mar 27Mar 31Apr 2Apr 5Apr 7Apr 10Apr 15Apr 22
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 1Sep 6Sep 10Sep 13Sep 16Sep 19Sep 22Sep 26Oct 1
32°FSep 12Sep 16Sep 19Sep 22Sep 25Sep 28Sep 30Oct 4Oct 8
28°FSep 20Sep 25Sep 28Oct 1Oct 3Oct 6Oct 8Oct 12Oct 19
24°FSep 28Oct 3Oct 7Oct 10Oct 14Oct 17Oct 20Oct 24Oct 30
20°FOct 8Oct 15Oct 20Oct 23Oct 26Oct 29Nov 1Nov 5Nov 9
16°FOct 21Oct 28Oct 31Nov 2Nov 5Nov 8Nov 11Nov 15Nov 20

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Necedah, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 54646 →Compare Necedah with another place →

Weather by month in Necedah

July is the warmest month at Necedah, WI, averaging 84°F by day and 58°F at night; January is the coldest at 26°F and 6°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to May (a 90% chance or more). From July to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, June still brings one in 11% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,459 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), more than at 54% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 33% of them (819) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 637. Precipitation totals 34.1 inches a year, most in June (5.1") and least in February (1.0"); May to September bring 61% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Necedah, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2661.2100%300
Feb3291.0100%270
Mar44201.8100%2513
Apr59313.2100%1460
May71443.990%4254
Jun80535.111%<1492
Jul84584.50%0637
Aug81564.01%0570
Sep74483.370%2331
Oct60362.7100%1194
Nov44241.9100%227
Dec31121.5100%291

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Necedah, WI (922 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Necedah 5 WNW, WI, 5 miles west of Necedah, has a last frost 16 days earlier (May 1), a first frost 8 days later (October 3), a season 26 days longer.

Frost dates for 54618 (Camp Douglas) →

When it snows in Necedah, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Necedah usually arrives around November 28, and the last of the season around April 5. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Necedah, WI, 2.2 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Snow fell in 95% of those winters. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 42 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 54646

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Necedah, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
March 8 – March 22Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 22 – April 5Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 19 – May 3Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 17 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 3Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 11Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
September 25 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 54646 is 2 miles from Necedah, WI, which stands at 922 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54646 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 4b places in Wisconsin