USDA Hardiness Zone 4b
Frost Dates for 54829 — Cumberland, Wisconsin
NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Cumberland, WI (1,240 ft), 2 miles southeast.
Updated
In Cumberland, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 5 in half of years and has passed by May 18 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 4, as early as September 23 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 152 days (NOAA, Cumberland, WI).
- Last spring frost
- May 5
- First fall frost
- October 4
- Growing season
- 152 days
- Hardiness zone
- 4b
50% probability
50% probability
freeze-free, 50%
-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night
- First snow
- November 8
- Last snow
- April 11
- Winters with snow
- 100%
- Snow per year
- 55.6"
median, 1991–2020
median, 1991–2020
30 of 30 observed
NOAA normal
Frost risk by date in Cumberland
Half of springs at Cumberland, WI see their last 32°F night by May 5; only one in ten is past it by April 22, and one in ten still has one after May 18. Planting tender crops after May 9 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 12 20%, and after May 18 10%. The 13 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 84% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.
In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 4 in half of years, as early as September 23 one year in ten, and holds off past October 19 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 12 days later, around October 16; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 8, 10 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 152 days in a typical year, shorter than at 59% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 169 days one year in ten and falls short of 134 one year in ten. On average 169 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 9 days longer, to about May 14, and return around September 27. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 12 and April 2.
| Low | 90% | 80% | 70% | 60% | 50% | 40% | 30% | 20% | 10% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 3 | May 6 | May 9 | May 11 | May 14 | May 17 | May 20 | May 23 | May 29 |
| 32°F | Apr 22 | Apr 27 | Apr 30 | May 2 | May 5 | May 7 | May 9 | May 12 | May 18 |
| 28°F | Apr 12 | Apr 17 | Apr 20 | Apr 23 | Apr 25 | Apr 28 | Apr 30 | May 3 | May 8 |
| 24°F | Apr 4 | Apr 7 | Apr 11 | Apr 13 | Apr 16 | Apr 18 | Apr 21 | Apr 24 | Apr 27 |
| 20°F | Mar 27 | Apr 1 | Apr 3 | Apr 5 | Apr 8 | Apr 10 | Apr 13 | Apr 16 | Apr 21 |
| 16°F | Mar 18 | Mar 24 | Mar 29 | Mar 31 | Apr 2 | Apr 4 | Apr 7 | Apr 10 | Apr 14 |
| Low | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 15 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Sep 29 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 8 |
| 32°F | Sep 23 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 1 | Oct 4 | Oct 7 | Oct 10 | Oct 14 | Oct 19 |
| 28°F | Oct 1 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 19 | Oct 22 | Oct 25 | Oct 30 |
| 24°F | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 22 | Oct 24 | Oct 28 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 5 | Nov 10 |
| 20°F | Oct 24 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 3 | Nov 6 | Nov 8 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 19 |
| 16°F | Oct 31 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 12 | Nov 15 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 25 |
Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Cumberland, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.
Frost risk on any date in 54829 →Compare Cumberland with another place →
Weather by month in Cumberland
July is the warmest month at Cumberland, WI, averaging 79°F by day and 59°F at night; January is the coldest at 19°F and 0°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 68% of years.
Warmth for growing adds up to 2,114 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 81% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 32% of them (666) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 595. Precipitation totals 33.8 inches a year, most in June (4.5") and least in January (1.0"); May to September bring 62% of it.
| Month | High °F | Low °F | Precip. in | 32°F night | Nights ≤ 32°F | GDD 50°F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 19 | 0 | 1.0 | 100% | 31 | 0 |
| Feb | 24 | 3 | 1.0 | 100% | 28 | 0 |
| Mar | 37 | 16 | 1.7 | 100% | 28 | 3 |
| Apr | 52 | 30 | 2.8 | 100% | 16 | 30 |
| May | 65 | 44 | 3.8 | 68% | 2 | 188 |
| Jun | 75 | 55 | 4.5 | 0% | 0 | 445 |
| Jul | 79 | 59 | 4.5 | 0% | 0 | 595 |
| Aug | 77 | 57 | 4.4 | 0% | 0 | 530 |
| Sep | 69 | 48 | 3.6 | 34% | <1 | 271 |
| Oct | 54 | 35 | 3.3 | 99% | 10 | 49 |
| Nov | 38 | 22 | 1.9 | 100% | 25 | 2 |
| Dec | 24 | 9 | 1.3 | 100% | 31 | 0 |
Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Cumberland, WI (1,240 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.
Compared with the next station
The nearest other station, Rice Lake, WI, 16 miles southeast of Cumberland, has a last frost 3 days later (May 8), a first frost 2 days earlier (October 2), a season 7 days shorter.
When it snows in Cumberland, Wisconsin
The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Cumberland usually arrives around November 8, and the last of the season around April 11. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Cumberland, WI, 1.9 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 24 days after the last snow.
Planting calendar for 54829
| When | What to do |
|---|---|
| February 24 – March 10 | Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out. |
| March 10 – March 24 | Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early. |
| April 7 – April 21 | Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil. |
| May 5 onward | Transplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast. |
| by July 12 | Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops. |
| by September 20 | Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation. |
| October 4 onward | Plant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter. |
The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.
Where these figures come from
ZIP 54829 is 2 miles from Cumberland, WI, which stands at 1,240 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 1 other ZIP code shares the station. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54829 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.
Frost dates across Wisconsin →
Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.
Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.