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USDA Hardiness Zone 4b

Frost Dates for 54966 — Plainfield, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Hancock Exp Farm, WI (1,092 ft), 7 miles south.

Updated

In Plainfield, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 10 in half of years and has passed by May 24 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 3, as early as September 20 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 146 days (NOAA, Hancock Exp Farm, WI).

Last spring frost
May 10

50% probability

First fall frost
October 3

50% probability

Growing season
146 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4b

-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night

First snow
November 15

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 12

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

24 of 24 observed

Snow per year
43.1"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Plainfield

Half of springs at Hancock Exp Farm, WI see their last 32°F night by May 10; only one in ten is past it by April 25, and one in ten still has one after May 24. Planting tender crops after May 16 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 20 20%, and after May 24 10%. The 14 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 58% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 3 in half of years, as early as September 20 one year in ten, and holds off past October 16 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 11 days later, around October 14; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 15, 9 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 146 days in a typical year, shorter than at 73% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 165 days one year in ten and falls short of 126 one year in ten. On average 160 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 10 days longer, to about May 20, and return around September 24. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 14 and March 30.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 5May 11May 14May 17May 20May 23May 25May 28Jun 2
32°FApr 25Apr 30May 3May 7May 10May 13May 16May 20May 24
28°FApr 14Apr 20Apr 23Apr 26Apr 30May 2May 5May 9May 15
24°FApr 2Apr 7Apr 11Apr 14Apr 17Apr 21Apr 24Apr 29May 3
20°FMar 21Mar 27Mar 31Apr 3Apr 6Apr 8Apr 12Apr 17Apr 22
16°FMar 14Mar 19Mar 22Mar 26Mar 30Apr 1Apr 4Apr 7Apr 14
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 12Sep 17Sep 19Sep 22Sep 24Sep 27Sep 29Oct 3Oct 6
32°FSep 20Sep 24Sep 27Oct 1Oct 3Oct 6Oct 8Oct 12Oct 16
28°FSep 29Oct 4Oct 7Oct 11Oct 14Oct 17Oct 20Oct 24Oct 29
24°FOct 10Oct 15Oct 20Oct 23Oct 26Oct 29Nov 1Nov 4Nov 9
20°FOct 25Oct 30Nov 1Nov 3Nov 6Nov 8Nov 11Nov 15Nov 20
16°FNov 2Nov 6Nov 9Nov 12Nov 14Nov 17Nov 20Nov 23Nov 27

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Hancock Exp Farm, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 54966 →Compare Plainfield with another place →

Weather by month in Plainfield

July is the warmest month at Hancock Exp Farm, WI, averaging 82°F by day and 59°F at night; January is the coldest at 25°F and 7°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 75% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,407 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 52% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 33% of them (795) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 625. Precipitation totals 34.4 inches a year, most in June (5.0") and least in February (1.0"); May to September bring 60% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Hancock Exp Farm, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2571.1100%310
Feb30101.0100%270
Mar41211.9100%2611
Apr55333.6100%1452
May68454.275%2243
Jun77555.01%0489
Jul82594.20%0625
Aug79574.00%0567
Sep72493.340%1327
Oct58372.7100%986
Nov43262.0100%228
Dec30141.4100%300

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Hancock Exp Farm, WI (1,092 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Wisconsin Rapids, WI, 19 miles northwest of Plainfield, has a last frost 1 day earlier (May 9), a first frost 3 days earlier (September 30), a season 4 days shorter.

Frost dates for 54494 (Wisconsin Rapids) →

When it snows in Plainfield, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Plainfield usually arrives around November 15, and the last of the season around April 12. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Hancock Exp Farm, WI, 7.2 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 28 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 54966

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Plainfield, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
March 1 – March 15Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 15 – March 29Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 12 – April 26Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 10 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 11Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 19Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 3 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 54966 is 7 miles from Hancock Exp Farm, WI, which stands at 1,092 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 3 other ZIP codes share the station; its figures are presented in full for 54982 (Wautoma). The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54966 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 4b places in Wisconsin