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USDA Hardiness Zone 4a

Frost Dates for 55072 — Sandstone, Minnesota

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Sandstone 6 W, MN (1,130 ft), 14 miles west.

Updated

In Sandstone, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 13 in half of years and has passed by May 28 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around September 29, as early as September 15 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 137 days (NOAA, Sandstone 6 W, MN).

Last spring frost
May 13

50% probability

First fall frost
September 29

50% probability

Growing season
137 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4a

-30 to -25°F (-34.4 to -31.7°C) coldest night

First snow
November 6

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 19

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

30 of 30 observed

Snow per year
64.3"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Sandstone

Half of springs at Sandstone 6 W, MN see their last 32°F night by May 13; only one in ten is past it by April 29, and one in ten still has one after May 28. Planting tender crops after May 19 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 22 20%, and after May 28 10%. The 15 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is wider than at 64% of the 142 Minnesota stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by September 29 in half of years, as early as September 15 one year in ten, and holds off past October 13 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 11 days later, around October 10; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 15, 13 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 137 days in a typical year, shorter than at 83% of the 142 Minnesota stations; it reaches 159 days one year in ten and falls short of 116 one year in ten. On average 177 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 11 days longer, to about May 24, and return around September 19. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 12 and April 2.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 11May 16May 19May 22May 24May 28May 31Jun 2Jun 7
32°FApr 29May 2May 5May 9May 13May 16May 19May 22May 28
28°FApr 16Apr 21Apr 24Apr 28Apr 30May 3May 6May 10May 15
24°FApr 5Apr 8Apr 13Apr 15Apr 18Apr 21Apr 24Apr 27May 1
20°FMar 28Apr 1Apr 4Apr 6Apr 8Apr 12Apr 15Apr 18Apr 22
16°FMar 18Mar 23Mar 28Mar 31Apr 2Apr 4Apr 6Apr 9Apr 16
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 5Sep 10Sep 14Sep 16Sep 19Sep 22Sep 25Sep 27Oct 1
32°FSep 15Sep 19Sep 23Sep 26Sep 29Oct 1Oct 4Oct 7Oct 13
28°FSep 24Sep 29Oct 3Oct 6Oct 10Oct 13Oct 17Oct 21Oct 26
24°FOct 5Oct 13Oct 17Oct 20Oct 24Oct 28Oct 31Nov 3Nov 7
20°FOct 20Oct 26Oct 30Nov 1Nov 4Nov 6Nov 9Nov 12Nov 17
16°FNov 1Nov 3Nov 7Nov 10Nov 12Nov 15Nov 17Nov 20Nov 24

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Sandstone 6 W, MN, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 55072 →Compare Sandstone with another place →

Weather by month in Sandstone

July is the warmest month at Sandstone 6 W, MN, averaging 79°F by day and 56°F at night; January is the coldest at 20°F and 2°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 83% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 1,916 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 85% of the 142 Minnesota stations. 31% of them (588) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 541. Precipitation totals 33.5 inches a year, most in July (5.6") and least in January (0.8"); May to September bring 61% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Sandstone 6 W, MN
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2020.8100%310
Feb2661.1100%280
Mar38181.7100%274
Apr52302.9100%2025
May66413.483%3165
Jun75524.44%0394
Jul79565.60%0541
Aug77543.71%0482
Sep69463.555%1249
Oct55353.1100%1254
Nov39221.9100%253
Dec25101.4100%300

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Sandstone 6 W, MN (1,130 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Hinckley, MN, 17 miles southwest of Sandstone, has a last frost 3 days later (May 16), a first frost 5 days earlier (September 24), a season 7 days shorter.

Frost dates for 55063 (Pine City) →

When it snows in Sandstone, Minnesota

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Sandstone usually arrives around November 6, and the last of the season around April 19. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Bruno 7ENE, MN, 14.5 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 24 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 55072

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Sandstone, Minnesota
WhenWhat to do
March 4 – March 18Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 18 – April 1Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 15 – April 29Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 13 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 7Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 15Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
September 29 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 55072 is 14 miles from Sandstone 6 W, MN, which stands at 1,130 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 55072 in zone 4a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -30 to -25°F (-34.4 to -31.7°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Minnesota →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 4a places in Minnesota