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USDA Hardiness Zone 9b

Frost Dates for 95688 — Vacaville, California

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA (109 ft), 2 miles east.

Updated

In Vacaville, the last spring frost (32°F) is around February 18 in half of years and has passed by March 25 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around November 28, as early as November 12 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 283 days (NOAA, Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA).

Last spring frost
February 18

50% probability

First fall frost
November 28

50% probability

Growing season
283 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
9b

25 to 30°F (-3.9 to -1.1°C) coldest night

First snow
Rare

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
Rare

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
0%

0 of 19 observed

Snow per year
0"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Vacaville

Half of springs at Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA see their last 32°F night by February 18; only one in ten is past it by January 11, and one in ten still has one after March 25. Planting tender crops after March 3 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after March 10 20%, and after March 25 10%. The 35 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is wider than at 71% of the 220 California stations behind this site's ZIP pages, so a fixed calendar date is a gamble here.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by November 28 in half of years, as early as November 12 one year in ten, and holds off past December 18 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 12 days later, around December 10; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is February 17, 36 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 283 days in a typical year, longer than at 54% of the 219 California stations; it reaches 325 days one year in ten and falls short of 245 one year in ten. On average 21 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 38 days longer, to about March 28, and return around November 13. A 24°F night is unusual: 43% of winters had one.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FFeb 26Mar 8Mar 13Mar 20Mar 28Apr 2Apr 7Apr 13Apr 19
32°FJan 11Jan 25Feb 1Feb 10Feb 18Feb 26Mar 3Mar 10Mar 25
28°F86% of yrsDec 21Dec 29Jan 3Jan 8Jan 15Jan 22Jan 30Feb 3Feb 17
24°F43% of yrstoo rare for a date
20°F8% of yrstoo rare for a date
16°F0% of yrstoo rare for a date
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FNov 1Nov 5Nov 8Nov 11Nov 13Nov 17Nov 20Nov 24Nov 30
32°FNov 12Nov 17Nov 21Nov 25Nov 28Dec 1Dec 4Dec 9Dec 18
28°F86% of yrsNov 24Dec 1Dec 3Dec 6Dec 10Dec 15Dec 22Jan 1Jan 11
24°F43% of yrstoo rare for a date
20°F8% of yrstoo rare for a date
16°F0% of yrstoo rare for a date

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 95688 →Compare Vacaville with another place →

Weather by month in Vacaville

July is the warmest month at Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA, averaging 95°F by day and 59°F at night; December is the coldest at 58°F and 37°F. From April to October the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, February still brings one in 59% of years and March still brings one in 29% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 4,707 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), more than at 55% of the 283 California stations. 37% of them (1,753) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 837. Precipitation totals 25.0 inches a year, most in January (5.3") and least in July (0.0"); May to September bring 4% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan58385.385%728
Feb63405.159%379
Mar68433.729%1179
Apr73461.37%<1282
May81510.80%0498
Jun90560.20%0689
Jul95590.00%0837
Aug94580.00%0801
Sep91560.10%0693
Oct80491.10%0450
Nov67422.356%2144
Dec58375.186%829

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA (109 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Fairfield, CA, 8 miles southwest of Vacaville, has a last frost 34 days earlier (January 15), a first frost 16 days later (December 14), a season 53 days longer.

Frost dates for 94533 (Fairfield) →

When it snows in Vacaville, California

Measurable snow is rare here: only 0 of 19 winters from 1991 to 2020 recorded 0.1 inch or more at Vacaville, CA, 2 miles away, so there is no typical first-snow date to plan around.

Planting calendar for 95688

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Vacaville, California
WhenWhat to do
December 10 – December 24Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
December 24 – January 7Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
January 21 – February 4Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
February 18 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by September 5Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by November 14Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
November 28 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 95688 is 2 miles from Vacaville Nut Tree Airport, CA, which stands at 109 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 2 other ZIP codes share the station; its figures are presented in full for 95687 (Vacaville). The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 95688 in zone 9b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged 25 to 30°F (-3.9 to -1.1°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across California →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 9b places in California