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USDA Hardiness Zone 7a

Frost Dates for 22645 — Middletown, Virginia

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Star Tannery, VA (950 ft), 10 miles northwest.

Updated

In Middletown, the last spring frost (32°F) is around April 26 in half of years and has passed by May 15 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 17, as early as October 5 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 172 days (NOAA, Star Tannery, VA).

Last spring frost
April 26

50% probability

First fall frost
October 17

50% probability

Growing season
172 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
7a

0 to 5°F (-17.8 to -15.0°C) coldest night

First snow
December 9

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
March 7

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

16 of 16 observed

Snow per year
25.1"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Middletown

Half of springs at Star Tannery, VA see their last 32°F night by April 26; only one in ten is past it by April 10, and one in ten still has one after May 15. Planting tender crops after May 4 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 9 20%, and after May 15 10%. The 19 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is wider than at 70% of the 128 Virginia stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 17 in half of years, as early as October 5 one year in ten, and holds off past October 30 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 12 days later, around October 29; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 3, 12 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 172 days in a typical year, shorter than at 91% of the 128 Virginia stations; it reaches 194 days one year in ten and falls short of 148 one year in ten. On average 126 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 11 days longer, to about May 7, and return around October 6. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between December 5 and March 8.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FApr 22Apr 27Apr 30May 4May 7May 10May 14May 18May 22
32°FApr 10Apr 16Apr 19Apr 22Apr 26Apr 30May 4May 9May 15
28°FMar 28Apr 2Apr 5Apr 8Apr 11Apr 16Apr 19Apr 25May 3
24°FMar 15Mar 20Mar 25Mar 28Mar 31Apr 2Apr 4Apr 8Apr 15
20°FMar 2Mar 9Mar 13Mar 16Mar 19Mar 22Mar 25Mar 29Apr 2
16°FFeb 18Feb 25Mar 2Mar 5Mar 8Mar 11Mar 15Mar 18Mar 22
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 24Sep 29Oct 1Oct 4Oct 6Oct 8Oct 11Oct 14Oct 18
32°FOct 5Oct 8Oct 12Oct 14Oct 17Oct 19Oct 22Oct 25Oct 30
28°FOct 15Oct 20Oct 23Oct 26Oct 29Nov 1Nov 3Nov 6Nov 12
24°FOct 26Nov 1Nov 3Nov 5Nov 8Nov 12Nov 16Nov 20Nov 25
20°FNov 5Nov 10Nov 14Nov 17Nov 20Nov 25Nov 30Dec 2Dec 8
16°FNov 15Nov 21Nov 26Dec 1Dec 5Dec 9Dec 13Dec 20Dec 25

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Star Tannery, VA, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 22645 →Compare Middletown with another place →

Weather by month in Middletown

July is the warmest month at Star Tannery, VA, averaging 85°F by day and 62°F at night; January is the coldest at 41°F and 21°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to September the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 39% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 3,123 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 85% of the 128 Virginia stations. 35% of them (1,087) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 722. Precipitation totals 40.0 inches a year, most in June (4.4") and least in February (2.3"); May to September bring 47% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Star Tannery, VA
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan41212.7100%275
Feb44232.3100%255
Mar52303.6100%2030
Apr65393.697%8146
May72494.039%1331
Jun80584.40%0570
Jul85623.20%0722
Aug84603.30%0674
Sep77533.93%0446
Oct65413.293%5154
Nov54322.9100%1635
Dec45252.9100%266

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Star Tannery, VA (950 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Front Royal, VA, 10 miles southeast of Middletown, has a last frost 13 days earlier (April 13), a first frost 11 days later (October 28), a season 24 days longer.

Frost dates for 22630 (Front Royal) →

When it snows in Middletown, Virginia

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Middletown usually arrives around December 9, and the last of the season around March 7. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Star Tannery, VA, 9.8 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 50 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 22645

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Middletown, Virginia
WhenWhat to do
February 15 – March 1Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 1 – March 15Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
March 29 – April 12Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
April 26 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 25Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by October 3Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 17 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 22645 is 10 miles from Star Tannery, VA, which stands at 950 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 1 other ZIP code shares the station; its figures are presented in full for 22657 (Strasburg). The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 22645 in zone 7a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged 0 to 5°F (-17.8 to -15.0°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Virginia →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 7a places in Virginia