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USDA Hardiness Zone 5b

Frost Dates for 49855 — Marquette, Michigan

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Marquette, MI (665 ft), 2 miles east.

Updated

In Marquette, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 8 in half of years and has passed by May 23 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 21, as early as October 6 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 164 days (NOAA, Marquette, MI).

Last spring frost
May 8

50% probability

First fall frost
October 21

50% probability

Growing season
164 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
5b

-15 to -10°F (-26.1 to -23.3°C) coldest night

First snow
November 8

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 17

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

30 of 30 observed

Snow per year
102"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Marquette

Half of springs at Marquette, MI see their last 32°F night by May 8; only one in ten is past it by April 26, and one in ten still has one after May 23. Planting tender crops after May 15 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 18 20%, and after May 23 10%. The 15 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 55% of the 172 Michigan stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 21 in half of years, as early as October 6 one year in ten, and holds off past November 5 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 12 days later, around November 2; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 11, 12 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 164 days in a typical year, longer than at 65% of the 172 Michigan stations; it reaches 185 days one year in ten and falls short of 142 one year in ten. On average 153 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 15 days longer, to about May 23, and return around October 8. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 28 and March 28.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 7May 13May 16May 19May 23May 26May 29Jun 1Jun 6
32°FApr 26Apr 30May 2May 5May 8May 11May 15May 18May 23
28°FApr 11Apr 17Apr 21Apr 24Apr 27Apr 29May 1May 5May 11
24°FApr 1Apr 4Apr 8Apr 11Apr 14Apr 17Apr 21Apr 25Apr 29
20°FMar 20Mar 26Mar 30Apr 1Apr 4Apr 6Apr 9Apr 13Apr 18
16°FMar 12Mar 17Mar 21Mar 25Mar 28Mar 31Apr 3Apr 6Apr 10
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 26Sep 30Oct 3Oct 6Oct 8Oct 11Oct 14Oct 18Oct 23
32°FOct 6Oct 11Oct 15Oct 18Oct 21Oct 25Oct 28Nov 1Nov 5
28°FOct 19Oct 25Oct 29Oct 31Nov 2Nov 4Nov 7Nov 11Nov 16
24°FOct 31Nov 3Nov 6Nov 9Nov 11Nov 13Nov 16Nov 20Nov 25
20°FNov 6Nov 11Nov 14Nov 16Nov 19Nov 22Nov 25Nov 29Dec 4
16°FNov 14Nov 18Nov 23Nov 26Nov 28Dec 1Dec 4Dec 9Dec 16

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Marquette, MI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 49855 →Compare Marquette with another place →

Weather by month in Marquette

August is the warmest month at Marquette, MI, averaging 74°F by day and 58°F at night; January is the coldest at 25°F and 12°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from November to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to September the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 75% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 1,776 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 89% of the 172 Michigan stations. 23% of them (408) have built up by the end of June, and August adds the most, 502. Precipitation totals 30.2 inches a year, most in October (3.4") and least in February (1.5"); May to September bring 49% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Marquette, MI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan25121.9100%310
Feb27131.5100%270
Mar35211.6100%273
Apr46312.7100%1616
May59412.975%3107
Jun68503.10%0282
Jul75583.10%0501
Aug74582.30%0502
Sep67523.34%<1295
Oct54403.479%366
Nov41292.4100%185
Dec30192.0100%290

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Marquette, MI (665 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Marquette, MI, 6 miles west of Marquette and 746 feet higher, has a last frost 14 days later (May 22), a first frost 22 days earlier (September 29), a season 35 days shorter.

Frost dates for 49866 (Negaunee) →

When it snows in Marquette, Michigan

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Marquette usually arrives around November 8, and the last of the season around April 17. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Marquette, MI, 2.1 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 21 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 49855

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Marquette, Michigan
WhenWhat to do
February 27 – March 13Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 13 – March 27Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 10 – April 24Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 8 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 29Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by October 7Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 21 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 49855 is 2 miles from Marquette, MI, which stands at 665 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 49855 in zone 5b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -15 to -10°F (-26.1 to -23.3°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Michigan →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 5b places in Michigan