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USDA Hardiness Zone 5b

Frost Dates for 54204 — Brussels, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Forestville-4E, WI (690 ft), 13 miles east.

Updated

In Brussels, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 6 in half of years and has passed by May 20 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 17, as early as October 1 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 163 days (NOAA, Forestville-4E, WI).

Last spring frost
May 6

50% probability

First fall frost
October 17

50% probability

Growing season
163 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
5b

-15 to -10°F (-26.1 to -23.3°C) coldest night

First snow
November 28

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 12

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

18 of 18 observed

Snow per year
52.7"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Brussels

Half of springs at Forestville-4E, WI see their last 32°F night by May 6; only one in ten is past it by April 22, and one in ten still has one after May 20. Planting tender crops after May 12 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 16 20%, and after May 20 10%. The 14 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 58% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 17 in half of years, as early as October 1 one year in ten, and holds off past November 2 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 15 days later, around November 1; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 7, 13 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 163 days in a typical year, longer than at 69% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 183 days one year in ten and falls short of 142 one year in ten. On average 148 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 13 days longer, to about May 19, and return around October 3. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 28 and March 23.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 6May 11May 13May 16May 19May 22May 25May 28Jun 2
32°FApr 22Apr 27May 1May 4May 6May 9May 12May 16May 20
28°FApr 8Apr 13Apr 17Apr 20Apr 23Apr 26Apr 29May 2May 7
24°FMar 28Apr 2Apr 5Apr 7Apr 10Apr 13Apr 16Apr 19Apr 23
20°FMar 17Mar 22Mar 27Mar 30Apr 1Apr 3Apr 5Apr 8Apr 13
16°FMar 10Mar 14Mar 17Mar 20Mar 23Mar 26Mar 30Apr 1Apr 5
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 19Sep 24Sep 28Oct 1Oct 3Oct 6Oct 9Oct 13Oct 18
32°FOct 1Oct 6Oct 10Oct 14Oct 17Oct 21Oct 24Oct 29Nov 2
28°FOct 16Oct 22Oct 27Oct 30Nov 1Nov 2Nov 5Nov 9Nov 13
24°FNov 1Nov 3Nov 6Nov 8Nov 10Nov 13Nov 16Nov 19Nov 24
20°FNov 6Nov 10Nov 14Nov 17Nov 20Nov 22Nov 25Nov 30Dec 5
16°FNov 13Nov 18Nov 22Nov 25Nov 28Dec 1Dec 4Dec 10Dec 16

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Forestville-4E, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 54204 →Compare Brussels with another place →

Weather by month in Brussels

July is the warmest month at Forestville-4E, WI, averaging 77°F by day and 59°F at night; January is the coldest at 26°F and 11°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from November to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 71% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 1,976 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 87% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 25% of them (498) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 556. Precipitation totals 30.2 inches a year, most in August (3.8") and least in February (1.0"); May to September bring 55% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Forestville-4E, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan26111.5100%300
Feb29131.0100%270
Mar38221.6100%251
Apr49332.8100%1313
May61433.271%1120
Jun71533.30%0364
Jul77593.20%0556
Aug76593.80%0539
Sep69513.110%0307
Oct56403.084%572
Nov43292.1100%183
Dec32191.6100%280

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Forestville-4E, WI (690 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Sturgeon Bay Exp Farm, WI, 18 miles northeast of Brussels, has a last frost 2 days later (May 8), a first frost 4 days earlier (October 13), a season 6 days shorter.

Frost dates for 54235 (Sturgeon Bay) →

When it snows in Brussels, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Brussels usually arrives around November 28, and the last of the season around April 12. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Forestville-4E, WI, 12.8 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 24 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 54204

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Brussels, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
February 25 – March 11Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 11 – March 25Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 8 – April 22Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 6 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 25Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by October 3Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 17 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 54204 is 13 miles from Forestville-4E, WI, which stands at 690 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 1 other ZIP code shares the station; its figures are presented in full for 54201 (Algoma). The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54204 in zone 5b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -15 to -10°F (-26.1 to -23.3°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 5b places in Wisconsin