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USDA Hardiness Zone 4b

Frost Dates for 54747 — Independence, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Blair, WI (855 ft), 14 miles southeast.

Updated

In Independence, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 9 in half of years and has passed by May 23 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 1, as early as September 18 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 143 days (NOAA, Blair, WI).

Last spring frost
May 9

50% probability

First fall frost
October 1

50% probability

Growing season
143 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4b

-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night

First snow
November 16

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
March 29

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

19 of 19 observed

Snow per year
41.1"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Independence

Half of springs at Blair, WI see their last 32°F night by May 9; only one in ten is past it by April 28, and one in ten still has one after May 23. Planting tender crops after May 15 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 18 20%, and after May 23 10%. The 14 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 58% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 1 in half of years, as early as September 18 one year in ten, and holds off past October 11 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 7 days later, around October 8; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 13, 10 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 143 days in a typical year, shorter than at 80% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 161 days one year in ten and falls short of 125 one year in ten. On average 177 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 11 days longer, to about May 20, and return around September 22. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 9 and March 31.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 6May 10May 14May 17May 20May 23May 26May 29Jun 4
32°FApr 28May 1May 4May 6May 9May 12May 15May 18May 23
28°FApr 17Apr 21Apr 24Apr 27Apr 30May 2May 4May 8May 13
24°FApr 3Apr 9Apr 13Apr 16Apr 19Apr 21Apr 24Apr 28May 2
20°FMar 25Mar 31Apr 3Apr 5Apr 8Apr 11Apr 14Apr 18Apr 22
16°FMar 14Mar 19Mar 24Mar 27Mar 31Apr 2Apr 4Apr 7Apr 14
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 9Sep 14Sep 17Sep 19Sep 22Sep 25Sep 28Oct 1Oct 4
32°FSep 18Sep 22Sep 25Sep 28Oct 1Oct 3Oct 5Oct 8Oct 11
28°FSep 26Oct 1Oct 4Oct 6Oct 8Oct 10Oct 13Oct 16Oct 20
24°FOct 6Oct 11Oct 14Oct 17Oct 19Oct 21Oct 24Oct 27Nov 1
20°FOct 17Oct 21Oct 24Oct 27Oct 30Nov 1Nov 3Nov 7Nov 13
16°FOct 28Nov 1Nov 3Nov 6Nov 9Nov 12Nov 15Nov 20Nov 25

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Blair, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 54747 →Compare Independence with another place →

Weather by month in Independence

July is the warmest month at Blair, WI, averaging 81°F by day and 59°F at night; January is the coldest at 24°F and 4°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 83% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,335 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 62% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 33% of them (773) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 621. Precipitation totals 35.6 inches a year, most in June (5.0") and least in January (1.0"); May to September bring 64% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Blair, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2441.0100%310
Feb2981.2100%270
Mar41211.7100%276
Apr56323.3100%1749
May68454.883%4227
Jun78555.02%<1491
Jul81594.40%0621
Aug79564.60%0552
Sep72484.149%2312
Oct58352.5100%1569
Nov42241.8100%257
Dec29121.2100%300

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Blair, WI (855 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Mondovi, WI, 16 miles northwest of Independence, has a last frost 1 day later (May 10), a first frost 1 day later (October 2), a season 1 day longer.

Frost dates for 54755 (Mondovi) →

When it snows in Independence, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Independence usually arrives around November 16, and the last of the season around March 29. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Blair, WI, 13.8 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 41 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 54747

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Independence, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
February 28 – March 14Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 14 – March 28Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 11 – April 25Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 9 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 9Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 17Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 1 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 54747 is 14 miles from Blair, WI, which stands at 855 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 5 other ZIP codes share the station; its figures are presented in full for 54615 (Black River Falls). The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54747 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 4b places in Wisconsin