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USDA Hardiness Zone 4b

Frost Dates for 51249 — Sibley, Iowa

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Sibley, IA (1,529 ft), under a mile west.

Updated

In Sibley, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 5 in half of years and has passed by May 17 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 3, as early as September 21 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 152 days (NOAA, Sibley, IA).

Last spring frost
May 5

50% probability

First fall frost
October 3

50% probability

Growing season
152 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4b

-25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) coldest night

First snow
November 8

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 11

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

28 of 28 observed

Snow per year
41.5"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Sibley

Half of springs at Sibley, IA see their last 32°F night by May 5; only one in ten is past it by April 22, and one in ten still has one after May 17. Planting tender crops after May 9 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 13 20%, and after May 17 10%. The 12 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 67% of the 132 Iowa stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 3 in half of years, as early as September 21 one year in ten, and holds off past October 17 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 10 days later, around October 13; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 8, 9 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 152 days in a typical year, shorter than at 92% of the 132 Iowa stations; it reaches 171 days one year in ten and falls short of 133 one year in ten. On average 173 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 7 days longer, to about May 12, and return around September 27. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 9 and March 31.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 1May 5May 7May 9May 12May 14May 16May 20May 25
32°FApr 22Apr 27Apr 30May 2May 5May 6May 9May 13May 17
28°FApr 11Apr 15Apr 19Apr 22Apr 25Apr 29May 1May 4May 8
24°FApr 3Apr 6Apr 9Apr 12Apr 15Apr 18Apr 21Apr 25May 1
20°FMar 21Mar 29Apr 2Apr 4Apr 7Apr 9Apr 12Apr 17Apr 22
16°FMar 12Mar 19Mar 23Mar 28Mar 31Apr 3Apr 5Apr 9Apr 14
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 11Sep 17Sep 21Sep 24Sep 27Sep 29Oct 1Oct 4Oct 8
32°FSep 21Sep 25Sep 28Oct 1Oct 3Oct 6Oct 9Oct 12Oct 17
28°FSep 29Oct 2Oct 6Oct 10Oct 13Oct 16Oct 19Oct 22Oct 27
24°FOct 7Oct 14Oct 18Oct 21Oct 24Oct 26Oct 29Nov 1Nov 6
20°FOct 20Oct 24Oct 27Oct 30Nov 1Nov 4Nov 6Nov 10Nov 15
16°FOct 28Nov 1Nov 4Nov 6Nov 9Nov 11Nov 14Nov 18Nov 23

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Sibley, IA, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 51249 →Compare Sibley with another place →

Weather by month in Sibley

July is the warmest month at Sibley, IA, averaging 82°F by day and 60°F at night; January is the coldest at 23°F and 5°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 69% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,569 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 95% of the 132 Iowa stations. 34% of them (861) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 657. Precipitation totals 30.4 inches a year, most in June (4.9") and least in January (0.7"); May to September bring 63% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Sibley, IA
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2350.7100%310
Feb2890.8100%280
Mar41211.6100%278
Apr56333.3100%1559
May69464.169%2260
Jun79574.90%0535
Jul82603.30%0657
Aug80583.60%0586
Sep74493.339%1357
Oct60362.3100%1298
Nov43221.4100%2510
Dec28111.1100%310

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Sibley, IA (1,529 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Sanborn, IA, 16 miles south of Sibley, has a last frost 4 days earlier (May 1), a first frost 4 days later (October 7), a season 8 days longer.

Frost dates for 51346 (Hartley) →

When it snows in Sibley, Iowa

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Sibley usually arrives around November 8, and the last of the season around April 11. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Sibley, IA, 0.5 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 24 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 51249

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Sibley, Iowa
WhenWhat to do
February 24 – March 10Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 10 – March 24Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 7 – April 21Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 5 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 11Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 19Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 3 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 51249 is under a mile from Sibley, IA, which stands at 1,529 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 51249 in zone 4b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -25 to -20°F (-31.7 to -28.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Iowa →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 4b places in Iowa