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USDA Hardiness Zone 5a

Frost Dates for 53948 — Mauston, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Mauston 1 SE, WI (865 ft), under a mile north.

Updated

In Mauston, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 2 in half of years and has passed by May 15 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 7, as early as September 26 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 158 days (NOAA, Mauston 1 SE, WI).

Last spring frost
May 2

50% probability

First fall frost
October 7

50% probability

Growing season
158 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
5a

-20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) coldest night

First snow
November 23

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 4

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

30 of 30 observed

Snow per year
46.6"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Mauston

Half of springs at Mauston 1 SE, WI see their last 32°F night by May 2; only one in ten is past it by April 19, and one in ten still has one after May 15. Planting tender crops after May 7 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 10 20%, and after May 15 10%. The 13 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 84% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 7 in half of years, as early as September 26 one year in ten, and holds off past October 21 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 12 days later, around October 19; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 5, 10 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 158 days in a typical year, longer than at 56% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 175 days one year in ten and falls short of 138 one year in ten. On average 158 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 12 days longer, to about May 14, and return around September 28. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 19 and March 24.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FApr 29May 4May 7May 11May 14May 17May 21May 25May 30
32°FApr 19Apr 24Apr 27Apr 30May 2May 4May 7May 10May 15
28°FApr 8Apr 12Apr 15Apr 18Apr 21Apr 24Apr 28May 1May 5
24°FMar 29Apr 2Apr 5Apr 7Apr 10Apr 12Apr 16Apr 20Apr 24
20°FMar 17Mar 23Mar 28Mar 31Apr 1Apr 4Apr 6Apr 9Apr 15
16°FMar 8Mar 13Mar 17Mar 21Mar 24Mar 27Mar 30Apr 2Apr 6
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FSep 16Sep 20Sep 23Sep 26Sep 28Oct 1Oct 4Oct 6Oct 11
32°FSep 26Sep 30Oct 2Oct 5Oct 7Oct 10Oct 13Oct 16Oct 21
28°FOct 4Oct 9Oct 13Oct 16Oct 19Oct 21Oct 24Oct 28Nov 1
24°FOct 16Oct 22Oct 25Oct 28Oct 31Nov 1Nov 4Nov 7Nov 13
20°FOct 30Nov 1Nov 5Nov 7Nov 11Nov 14Nov 17Nov 20Nov 25
16°FNov 5Nov 9Nov 13Nov 16Nov 19Nov 22Nov 25Nov 29Dec 4

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Mauston 1 SE, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 53948 →Compare Mauston with another place →

Weather by month in Mauston

July is the warmest month at Mauston 1 SE, WI, averaging 82°F by day and 60°F at night; January is the coldest at 26°F and 8°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 54% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,522 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), more than at 60% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 33% of them (841) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 648. Precipitation totals 36.3 inches a year, most in June (5.1") and least in January (1.3"); May to September bring 60% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Mauston 1 SE, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2681.3100%310
Feb31111.3100%270
Mar43232.0100%2514
Apr56353.7100%1262
May69474.554%1262
Jun77565.10%0503
Jul82603.80%0648
Aug80584.50%0584
Sep72503.822%1341
Oct60382.798%1095
Nov45272.0100%2213
Dec32151.6100%290

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Mauston 1 SE, WI (865 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Hillsboro, WI, 16 miles southwest of Mauston, has a last frost 3 days later (May 5), a first frost 3 days earlier (October 4), a season 5 days shorter.

Frost dates for 53929 (Elroy) →

When it snows in Mauston, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Mauston usually arrives around November 23, and the last of the season around April 4. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Mauston 1 SE, WI, 0.5 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 28 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 53948

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Mauston, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
February 21 – March 7Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 7 – March 21Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 4 – April 18Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 2 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 15Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 23Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
October 7 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 53948 is under a mile from Mauston 1 SE, WI, which stands at 865 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 1 other ZIP code shares the station. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 53948 in zone 5a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 5a places in Wisconsin