USDA Hardiness Zone 5a
Frost Dates for 54665 — Viroqua, Wisconsin
NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Viroqua, WI (1,255 ft), 2 miles northeast.
Updated
In Viroqua, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 7 in half of years and has passed by May 21 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around October 2, as early as September 18 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 148 days (NOAA, Viroqua, WI).
- Last spring frost
- May 7
- First fall frost
- October 2
- Growing season
- 148 days
- Hardiness zone
- 5a
50% probability
50% probability
freeze-free, 50%
-20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) coldest night
- First snow
- November 12
- Last snow
- April 12
- Winters with snow
- 100%
- Snow per year
- 47.2"
median, 1991–2020
median, 1991–2020
29 of 29 observed
NOAA normal
Frost risk by date in Viroqua
Half of springs at Viroqua, WI see their last 32°F night by May 7; only one in ten is past it by April 23, and one in ten still has one after May 21. Planting tender crops after May 13 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after May 17 20%, and after May 21 10%. The 14 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 58% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.
In fall the first 32°F night comes by October 2 in half of years, as early as September 18 one year in ten, and holds off past October 17 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 11 days later, around October 13; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 11, 10 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 148 days in a typical year, shorter than at 69% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 166 days one year in ten and falls short of 130 one year in ten. On average 165 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 9 days longer, to about May 16, and return around September 25. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 13 and March 29.
| Low | 90% | 80% | 70% | 60% | 50% | 40% | 30% | 20% | 10% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | May 5 | May 9 | May 12 | May 14 | May 16 | May 19 | May 22 | May 26 | May 31 |
| 32°F | Apr 23 | Apr 28 | May 1 | May 4 | May 7 | May 10 | May 13 | May 17 | May 21 |
| 28°F | Apr 11 | Apr 16 | Apr 20 | Apr 23 | Apr 27 | Apr 30 | May 3 | May 6 | May 11 |
| 24°F | Apr 1 | Apr 5 | Apr 8 | Apr 12 | Apr 15 | Apr 18 | Apr 22 | Apr 25 | May 1 |
| 20°F | Mar 20 | Mar 26 | Mar 31 | Apr 2 | Apr 5 | Apr 7 | Apr 11 | Apr 15 | Apr 22 |
| 16°F | Mar 11 | Mar 17 | Mar 21 | Mar 25 | Mar 29 | Mar 31 | Apr 3 | Apr 6 | Apr 11 |
| Low | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Sep 10 | Sep 15 | Sep 19 | Sep 22 | Sep 25 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 3 | Oct 6 |
| 32°F | Sep 18 | Sep 23 | Sep 27 | Sep 30 | Oct 2 | Oct 5 | Oct 8 | Oct 11 | Oct 17 |
| 28°F | Sep 27 | Oct 2 | Oct 6 | Oct 10 | Oct 13 | Oct 16 | Oct 20 | Oct 23 | Oct 28 |
| 24°F | Oct 6 | Oct 13 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 30 | Nov 2 | Nov 8 |
| 20°F | Oct 19 | Oct 26 | Oct 30 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 18 |
| 16°F | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 7 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 15 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 28 |
Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Viroqua, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.
Frost risk on any date in 54665 →Compare Viroqua with another place →
Weather by month in Viroqua
July is the warmest month at Viroqua, WI, averaging 79°F by day and 59°F at night; January is the coldest at 23°F and 6°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to April (a 90% chance or more). From June to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, May still brings one in 70% of years.
Warmth for growing adds up to 2,227 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 74% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 33% of them (725) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 590. Precipitation totals 38.1 inches a year, most in June (5.7") and least in February (1.1"); May to September bring 62% of it.
| Month | High °F | Low °F | Precip. in | 32°F night | Nights ≤ 32°F | GDD 50°F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 23 | 6 | 1.2 | 100% | 31 | 0 |
| Feb | 28 | 10 | 1.1 | 100% | 27 | 0 |
| Mar | 40 | 21 | 2.0 | 100% | 26 | 10 |
| Apr | 54 | 33 | 4.0 | 100% | 14 | 46 |
| May | 66 | 45 | 4.7 | 70% | 2 | 209 |
| Jun | 75 | 55 | 5.7 | 0% | 0 | 460 |
| Jul | 79 | 59 | 4.6 | 0% | 0 | 590 |
| Aug | 77 | 57 | 4.6 | 0% | 0 | 535 |
| Sep | 70 | 48 | 3.9 | 43% | 1 | 294 |
| Oct | 57 | 36 | 2.7 | 99% | 11 | 75 |
| Nov | 41 | 24 | 2.0 | 100% | 24 | 7 |
| Dec | 28 | 13 | 1.6 | 100% | 30 | 0 |
Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Viroqua, WI (1,255 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.
Compared with the next station
The nearest other station, Cashton, WI, 15 miles northeast of Viroqua, has a last frost 10 days earlier (April 27), a first frost 12 days later (October 14), a season 22 days longer.
When it snows in Viroqua, Wisconsin
The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Viroqua usually arrives around November 12, and the last of the season around April 12. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Viroqua, WI, 1.6 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 25 days after the last snow.
Planting calendar for 54665
| When | What to do |
|---|---|
| February 26 – March 12 | Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out. |
| March 12 – March 26 | Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early. |
| April 9 – April 23 | Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil. |
| May 7 onward | Transplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast. |
| by July 10 | Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops. |
| by September 18 | Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation. |
| October 2 onward | Plant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter. |
The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.
Where these figures come from
ZIP 54665 is 2 miles from Viroqua, WI, which stands at 1,255 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 1 other ZIP code shares the station. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54665 in zone 5a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -20 to -15°F (-28.9 to -26.1°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.
Frost dates across Wisconsin →
Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.
Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.