USDA Hardiness Zone 7b
Frost Dates for 97882 — Umatilla, Oregon
NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Mcnary Dam #2, OR (361 ft), 2 miles northeast.
Updated
In Umatilla, the last spring frost (32°F) is around March 30 in half of years and has passed by April 20 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around November 4, as early as October 21 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 217 days (NOAA, Mcnary Dam #2, OR).
- Last spring frost
- March 30
- First fall frost
- November 4
- Growing season
- 217 days
- Hardiness zone
- 7b
50% probability
50% probability
freeze-free, 50%
5 to 10°F (-15.0 to -12.2°C) coldest night
- First snow
- November 29
- Last snow
- March 1
- Winters with snow
- 100%
- Snow per year
- 15.7"
median, 1991–2020
median, 1991–2020
27 of 27 observed
NOAA normal
Frost risk by date in Umatilla
Half of springs at Mcnary Dam #2, OR see their last 32°F night by March 30; only one in ten is past it by March 12, and one in ten still has one after April 20. Planting tender crops after April 4 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after April 11 20%, and after April 20 10%. The 21 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 55% of the 103 Oregon stations behind this site's ZIP pages, so a fixed calendar date is a gamble here.
In fall the first 32°F night comes by November 4 in half of years, as early as October 21 one year in ten, and holds off past November 19 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 10 days later, around November 14; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is March 30, 21 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 217 days in a typical year, longer than at 61% of the 103 Oregon stations; it reaches 240 days one year in ten and falls short of 194 one year in ten. On average 74 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 21 days longer, to about April 20, and return around October 24. Nights of 24°F, cold enough to damage hardier plants, come in 100% of winters and 16°F in 79%.
| Low | 90% | 80% | 70% | 60% | 50% | 40% | 30% | 20% | 10% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Apr 2 | Apr 8 | Apr 12 | Apr 16 | Apr 20 | Apr 24 | Apr 28 | May 2 | May 7 |
| 32°F | Mar 12 | Mar 19 | Mar 24 | Mar 27 | Mar 30 | Apr 1 | Apr 4 | Apr 11 | Apr 20 |
| 28°F | Feb 19 | Feb 27 | Mar 3 | Mar 7 | Mar 11 | Mar 15 | Mar 20 | Mar 25 | Mar 30 |
| 24°F | Jan 17 | Feb 2 | Feb 9 | Feb 16 | Feb 20 | Feb 25 | Feb 28 | Mar 5 | Mar 13 |
| 20°F95% of yrs | Dec 30 | Jan 8 | Jan 18 | Jan 29 | Feb 5 | Feb 10 | Feb 17 | Feb 23 | Feb 28 |
| 16°F79% of yrs | Dec 12 | Dec 28 | Jan 7 | Jan 15 | Jan 24 | Feb 1 | Feb 6 | Feb 15 | Feb 22 |
| Low | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F | Oct 9 | Oct 15 | Oct 18 | Oct 21 | Oct 24 | Oct 27 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 6 |
| 32°F | Oct 21 | Oct 26 | Oct 29 | Nov 1 | Nov 4 | Nov 6 | Nov 10 | Nov 13 | Nov 19 |
| 28°F | Oct 28 | Nov 3 | Nov 7 | Nov 11 | Nov 14 | Nov 18 | Nov 22 | Nov 26 | Dec 3 |
| 24°F | Nov 6 | Nov 12 | Nov 19 | Nov 23 | Nov 27 | Dec 1 | Dec 8 | Dec 15 | Dec 28 |
| 20°F95% of yrs | Nov 13 | Nov 24 | Nov 30 | Dec 5 | Dec 11 | Dec 17 | Dec 26 | Jan 4 | Jan 22 |
| 16°F79% of yrs | Nov 24 | Dec 3 | Dec 8 | Dec 15 | Dec 23 | Dec 31 | Jan 7 | Jan 19 | Feb 6 |
Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Mcnary Dam #2, OR, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.
Frost risk on any date in 97882 →Compare Umatilla with another place →
Weather by month in Umatilla
July is the warmest month at Mcnary Dam #2, OR, averaging 89°F by day and 61°F at night; January is the coldest at 41°F and 30°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from November to March (a 90% chance or more). From May to September the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, April still brings one in 40% of years.
Warmth for growing adds up to 3,096 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), more than at 93% of the 103 Oregon stations. 30% of them (932) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 759. Precipitation totals 8.1 inches a year, most in December (1.2") and least in July (0.2"); May to September bring 27% of it.
| Month | High °F | Low °F | Precip. in | 32°F night | Nights ≤ 32°F | GDD 50°F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 41 | 30 | 0.9 | 100% | 18 | 1 |
| Feb | 46 | 32 | 0.7 | 100% | 16 | 3 |
| Mar | 56 | 35 | 0.8 | 98% | 8 | 15 |
| Apr | 63 | 42 | 0.7 | 40% | 1 | 100 |
| May | 72 | 48 | 0.8 | 2% | 0 | 311 |
| Jun | 79 | 54 | 0.5 | 0% | 0 | 503 |
| Jul | 89 | 61 | 0.2 | 0% | 0 | 759 |
| Aug | 88 | 61 | 0.3 | 0% | 0 | 752 |
| Sep | 78 | 53 | 0.4 | 0% | 0 | 471 |
| Oct | 64 | 44 | 0.7 | 39% | 2 | 161 |
| Nov | 51 | 35 | 0.9 | 97% | 10 | 18 |
| Dec | 41 | 31 | 1.2 | 100% | 20 | 4 |
Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Mcnary Dam #2, OR (361 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.
Compared with the next station
The nearest other station, Hermiston 2 NW, OR, 4 miles south of Umatilla, has a last frost 28 days later (April 27), a first frost 28 days earlier (October 7), a season 54 days shorter.
When it snows in Umatilla, Oregon
The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Umatilla usually arrives around November 29, and the last of the season around March 1. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Pendleton, OR, 27.8 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 29 days after the last snow.
Planting calendar for 97882
| When | What to do |
|---|---|
| January 19 – February 2 | Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out. |
| February 2 – February 16 | Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early. |
| March 2 – March 16 | Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil. |
| March 30 onward | Transplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast. |
| by August 12 | Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops. |
| by October 21 | Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation. |
| November 4 onward | Plant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter. |
The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.
Where these figures come from
ZIP 97882 is 2 miles from Mcnary Dam #2, OR, which stands at 361 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 97882 in zone 7b, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged 5 to 10°F (-15.0 to -12.2°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.
Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.
Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.