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USDA Hardiness Zone 4a

Frost Dates for 54555 — Phillips, Wisconsin

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Prentice #2, WI (1,540 ft), 13 miles south.

Updated

In Phillips, the last spring frost (32°F) is around May 23 in half of years and has passed by June 6 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around September 23, as early as September 5 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 124 days (NOAA, Prentice #2, WI).

Last spring frost
May 23

50% probability

First fall frost
September 23

50% probability

Growing season
124 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
4a

-30 to -25°F (-34.4 to -31.7°C) coldest night

First snow
November 11

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
April 11

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
100%

20 of 20 observed

Snow per year
—

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Phillips

Half of springs at Prentice #2, WI see their last 32°F night by May 23; only one in ten is past it by May 6, and one in ten still has one after June 6. Planting tender crops after May 29 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after June 1 20%, and after June 6 10%. The 14 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is narrower than at 58% of the 182 Wisconsin stations behind this site's ZIP pages.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by September 23 in half of years, as early as September 5 one year in ten, and holds off past October 5 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 10 days later, around October 3; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is May 24, 13 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 124 days in a typical year, shorter than at 96% of the 182 Wisconsin stations; it reaches 144 days one year in ten and falls short of 102 one year in ten. On average 190 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 10 days longer, to about June 2, and return around September 10. Severe cold of 16°F or below comes every winter, usually between November 6 and April 8.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMay 20May 25May 29May 31Jun 2Jun 5Jun 8Jun 14Jun 22
32°FMay 6May 12May 16May 19May 23May 26May 29Jun 1Jun 6
28°FApr 24Apr 29May 2May 5May 9May 12May 15May 19May 24
24°FApr 12Apr 17Apr 22Apr 25Apr 28Apr 30May 3May 7May 13
20°FApr 2Apr 7Apr 10Apr 14Apr 16Apr 20Apr 23Apr 27May 1
16°FMar 26Mar 31Apr 2Apr 5Apr 8Apr 10Apr 13Apr 17Apr 22
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FAug 23Aug 31Sep 3Sep 7Sep 10Sep 14Sep 17Sep 20Sep 25
32°FSep 5Sep 12Sep 16Sep 20Sep 23Sep 26Sep 29Oct 2Oct 5
28°FSep 19Sep 24Sep 28Oct 1Oct 3Oct 5Oct 8Oct 12Oct 18
24°FSep 30Oct 4Oct 7Oct 10Oct 14Oct 17Oct 21Oct 26Oct 31
20°FOct 10Oct 15Oct 20Oct 24Oct 28Oct 31Nov 2Nov 5Nov 11
16°FOct 23Oct 29Nov 1Nov 3Nov 6Nov 9Nov 12Nov 16Nov 21

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Prentice #2, WI, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 54555 →Compare Phillips with another place →

Weather by month in Phillips

July is the warmest month at Prentice #2, WI, averaging 79°F by day and 54°F at night; January is the coldest at 21°F and 1°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from October to May (a 90% chance or more). From July to August the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, June still brings one in 21% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 1,848 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), fewer than at 92% of the 182 Wisconsin stations. 32% of them (598) have built up by the end of June, and July adds the most, 512. Precipitation totals 32.6 inches a year, most in June (4.1") and least in January (1.0"); May to September bring 60% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Prentice #2, WI
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan2111.0100%310
Feb2731.0100%270
Mar39151.7100%283
Apr52292.7100%2031
May66413.995%6175
Jun75514.121%1389
Jul79543.60%0512
Aug77523.94%<1453
Sep69453.973%3233
Oct55333.5100%1749
Nov39211.8100%263
Dec2691.5100%310

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Prentice #2, WI (1,540 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Park Falls Dnr Hq, WI, 15 miles north of Phillips, has a last frost 8 days earlier (May 15), a first frost 5 days later (September 28), a season 10 days longer.

Frost dates for 54552 (Park Falls) →

When it snows in Phillips, Wisconsin

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Phillips usually arrives around November 11, and the last of the season around April 11. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Prentice #2, WI, 12.8 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Every one of those winters saw snow. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 42 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 54555

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Phillips, Wisconsin
WhenWhat to do
March 14 – March 28Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
March 28 – April 11Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
April 25 – May 9Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
May 23 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by July 1Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by September 9Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
September 23 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 54555 is 13 miles from Prentice #2, WI, which stands at 1,540 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 54555 in zone 4a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged -30 to -25°F (-34.4 to -31.7°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Wisconsin →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

Other zone 4a places in Wisconsin