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USDA Hardiness Zone 9a

Frost Dates for 98115 — Seattle, Washington

NOAA 1991–2020 normals from Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA (60 ft), 2 miles east.

Updated

In Seattle, the last spring frost (32°F) is around March 8 in half of years and has passed by March 29 in nine years out of ten. The first fall frost comes around November 23, as early as November 4 one year in ten, leaving a typical freeze-free season of 259 days (NOAA, Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA).

Last spring frost
March 8

50% probability

First fall frost
November 23

50% probability

Growing season
259 days

freeze-free, 50%

Hardiness zone
9a

20 to 25°F (-6.7 to -3.9°C) coldest night

First snow
December 26

median, 1991–2020

Last snow
February 8

median, 1991–2020

Winters with snow
62%

13 of 21 observed

Snow per year
3.8"

NOAA normal

Frost risk by date in Seattle

Half of springs at Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA see their last 32°F night by March 8; only one in ten is past it by February 13, and one in ten still has one after March 29. Planting tender crops after March 16 leaves a 30% risk of a frost on them, after March 21 20%, and after March 29 10%. The 21 days between the even-odds date and the one-in-ten date is wider than at 65% of the 113 Washington stations behind this site's ZIP pages, so a fixed calendar date is a gamble here.

In fall the first 32°F night comes by November 23 in half of years, as early as November 4 one year in ten, and holds off past December 16 one year in ten. A hard freeze of 28°F follows 18 days later, around December 11; in spring the one-in-ten date for 28°F is March 1, 28 days before the 32°F one. The freeze-free season lasts 259 days in a typical year, longer than at 97% of the 113 Washington stations; it reaches 289 days one year in ten and falls short of 231 one year in ten. On average 25 nights a year drop to 32°F or below. Nights of 36°F, when frost can still settle on leaves in low, open spots, continue 27 days longer, to about April 4, and return around November 5. Nights of 24°F, cold enough to damage hardier plants, come in 59% of winters and 16°F in 0%.

Spring: the chance of another night this cold after the date
Low90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%
36°FMar 17Mar 23Mar 28Apr 1Apr 4Apr 7Apr 12Apr 18Apr 26
32°FFeb 13Feb 23Feb 27Mar 3Mar 8Mar 11Mar 16Mar 21Mar 29
28°F96% of yrsDec 27Jan 9Jan 24Feb 2Feb 11Feb 16Feb 21Feb 25Mar 1
24°F59% of yrsDec 3Dec 12Dec 22Jan 1Jan 9Jan 24Feb 3Feb 11Feb 20
20°F16% of yrstoo rare for a date
16°F0% of yrstoo rare for a date
Fall: the chance the first night this cold has come by the date
Low10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%
36°FOct 24Oct 28Oct 31Nov 2Nov 5Nov 8Nov 12Nov 16Nov 22
32°FNov 4Nov 10Nov 15Nov 19Nov 23Nov 27Dec 1Dec 6Dec 16
28°F96% of yrsNov 17Nov 25Dec 1Dec 5Dec 11Dec 16Dec 24Jan 1Jan 17
24°F59% of yrsNov 27Dec 2Dec 9Dec 15Dec 24Jan 1Jan 8Jan 24Feb 8
20°F16% of yrstoo rare for a date
16°F0% of yrstoo rare for a date

Freeze probabilities 1991–2020 at Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA, from NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals. Where a temperature is reached in fewer than 99.5% of years, the dates describe only the years that reach it. Not a forecast.

Frost risk on any date in 98115 →Compare Seattle with another place →

Weather by month in Seattle

August is the warmest month at Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA, averaging 77°F by day and 57°F at night; December is the coldest at 47°F and 37°F. A freezing night is all but certain in every month from December to January (a 90% chance or more). From April to October the chance of a 32°F night stays under 10% each month. In spring, February still brings one in 87% of years and March still brings one in 64% of years.

Warmth for growing adds up to 2,207 growing degree days a year (base 50°F), more than at 60% of the 113 Washington stations. 29% of them (644) have built up by the end of June, and August adds the most, 529. Precipitation totals 38.0 inches a year, most in November (5.9") and least in July (0.8"); May to September bring 19% of it.

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA
MonthHigh °FLow °FPrecip. in32°F nightNights ≤ 32°FGDD 50°F
Jan47375.195%73
Feb50373.587%63
Mar54393.964%218
Apr59433.07%<163
May65482.20%0215
Jun70531.60%0344
Jul77570.80%0512
Aug77571.00%0529
Sep71531.70%0368
Oct61473.75%<1132
Nov52415.967%320
Dec47375.695%72

Monthly normals 1991–2020 at Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA (60 ft), NOAA NCEI. "32°F night": chance of at least one in the month. GDD: growing degree days, base 50°F.

Compared with the next station

The nearest other station, Seattle Boeing Field, WA, 11 miles south of Seattle, has a last frost 5 days later (March 13), a first frost 6 days earlier (November 17), a season 12 days shorter.

Frost dates for 98118 (Seattle) →

When it snows in Seattle, Washington

The first measurable snow (0.1 inch or more) in Seattle usually arrives around December 26, and the last of the season around February 8. Those are the middle dates across the winters of 1991–2020 at Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA, 2.1 miles away: half of years saw snow earlier, half later. Snow fell in 62% of those winters. The last 32°F night of spring typically comes 28 days after the last snow.

Planting calendar for 98115

What to do and when, from the 50% frost dates for Seattle, Washington
WhenWhat to do
December 28 – January 11Start peppers and aubergines indoorsThey need eight to ten weeks under lights before they can go out.
January 11 – January 25Start tomatoes indoorsSix to eight weeks gives a transplant big enough to set fruit early.
February 8 – February 22Sow peas, spinach, lettuce, radish outdoorsThese tolerate light frost and prefer to germinate in cool soil.
March 8 onwardTransplant tomatoes, peppers, basil, squash, cucumbersThe average last freeze has passed — still watch the actual forecast.
by August 31Sow the autumn crop of carrots, beets and brassicasThey need about twelve weeks to size up before growth stops.
by November 9Harvest tender crops, or be ready to cover themA first freeze two weeks early is well within normal variation.
November 23 onwardPlant garlic, mulch beds, lift tender bulbsGarlic wants a cold spell; bare soil loses structure over winter.

The weeks before and after the 50% dates are general rules of thumb, not NOAA figures; a seed packet gives the timing for each variety.

Where these figures come from

ZIP 98115 is 2 miles from Seattle Sand Pt Wsfo, WA, which stands at 60 feet, the nearest NOAA station that publishes freeze probabilities for 1991–2020. 27 other ZIP codes share the station; its figures are presented in full for 98052 (Redmond). The 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map lists ZIP 98115 in zone 9a, the band where the coldest night of the year averaged 20 to 25°F (-6.7 to -3.9°C) over 1991–2020; a zone describes winter lows, not frost dates.

Frost dates across Washington →

Hardiness zone and temperature range: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map 2023 (USDA-ARS, Oregon State University), ZIP-code listing, unchanged. °C converted from °F by this site.

Thirty-year averages, not a forecast: check the forecast before planting out. How stations are matched and which pages are offered to search engines: methodology.

ZIP codes measured at the same station

Other zone 9a places in Washington